The journey from there to here
The question has risen repeatedly on joeuser and around the world as to the culpability of Islam as a faith in terror attacks around the globe. Although the information presented below will not put the debate to rest, I pulled it from hard firsthand sources and not from thirdhand information that interprets the data. I am giving you the information below and the source of my facts, and I invite you to examine the data for yourself. I present, from the data I have gleaned that, while Islam is not to be construed as a terrorist faith, the terror attacks around the globe have disproportionately had Islamic based militants as their source and should be actively decried by the honest God-fearing Muslim community.

I searched for a statistic on the number of Muslims around the globe, and the best I could find was a statement asserting that the estimates vary greatly, somewhere between 700 million and 1.2 billion Muslims. Knowing how these statistics skew to the bias of the presenter, we will accept a statistical mean of 1billion Muslims, roughly 16 percent of the world's population.

Below are the terrorism numbers from 1968-2004, as complete as I can make them.

year international terrorism
(U.S. DOS figures) int'l. and domestic terrorism
(RAND/MIPT figures)
incidents fatalities injuries incidents fatalities injuries
1968 124 34 132 32 191
1969 189 55 155 12 110
1970 300 128 215 105 161
1971 241 35 150 66 91
1972 528 147 171 191 166
1973 323 120 193 72 504
1974 429 304 237 229 690
1975 349 258 221 102 556
1976 468 406 325 346 805
1977 428 245 242 80 299
1978 544 438 242 263 405
1979 441 686 271 290 1,060
1980 499 486 268 156 332
1981 489 164 318 329 1,187
1982 500 129 384 188 637
1983 506 641 317 589 1,045
1984 565 329 326 182 502
1985 635 816 438 688 1,255
1986 612 591 379 346 1,221
1987 665 623 355 358 1,219
1988 605 643 1,131 377 593 1,869
1989 375 411 420 367 170 507
1990 437 218 302 121 366
1991 565 102 242 436 175 284
1992 363 91 636 310 154 751
1993 431 109 1,393 320 464 2,806
1994 322 314 663 333 397 1,088
1995 440 177 6,291 258 245 6,007
1996 296 314 2,911 246 551 2,957
1997 304 221 693 192 266 946
1998 274 741 5,953 1,265 2,149 8,079
1999 395 233 706 1,148 822 2,074
2000 426 405 800 1,138 776 2,537
2001 355 3,295 2,283 1,732 4,643 3,954
2002 205 725 2,013 2,645 2,709 6,708
2003 208 625 3,646 1,772 1,946 5,367
2004 588 1,441 2,935

source: http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/terrorism/intlterror.html

According to the Emergency Response and Research Institute, Islamic terrorists accounted for 56 percent of all terrorist attacks in 2002 (the latest year for which I could find full year stats)(http://www.emergency.com/cntrterr.htm). A further analysis available from the ERRI 2002 report (available at the site mentioned in this paragraph), breaks down the terror attacks by nation, and analyzes them more thoroughly. As this was a .pdf file, I was unable to copy/paste the research, and all statistics herein are hand copied.

Terrorism for the purposes of this blog is defined using ERRI's definition, as follows:

terrorism--premeditated politically motivated violence perpetrated against non-combatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience

So, the facts we have here:

*The Muslim community represents anywhere between 16-22% of the world's population
*56 percent of all terrorist attacks in the most recent year studied were perpetrated by Muslims
*The total number of terror attacks suggest they are perpetrated by a MINORITY of the Islamic community.

The percentages, however, should raise some very serious eyebrows. When factions from a religion representing 1/5 of the world's population commit over 1/2 of the world's terrorist attacks, we have to conclude that the faith, as a whole, is more frequently interpreted to the radical end of terrorism. It is important that the clerics who do not represent this interpretation of the Qu'ran speak out and decry these acts, even where such denouncements may be politically unpopular. They need to cooperate with the international community in bringing these terrorists to justice, rather than offering them refuge. And they need to work together with people of all faiths towards creating a world of peace.

The Muslim world may be suspicious of us, but it is that suspicion that has created a wall behind which the terrorists hide. We need to work together to break down that world. Muslim clerics must own up to the culpability of those who would misuse the Qu'ran to their own violent end.

Some more facts from the ERRI report, just for general knowledge:

2001 terror attacks: 864
2002 terror attacks: 429

2001 civilians killed: 4739
2002 civilians killed: 1716

2001 civilians wounded: 3386
2002 civilians wounded: 4936

2001 Military/police/security killed: 586
2002 Military/police/security killed: 398

2001 Military/police/security wounded: 664
2002 Military/police/security wounded: 231

2001 Terrorists killed: 993
2002 Terrorists killed: 149

2001 Terrorists wounded: 110
2002 Terrorists wounded: 5

The official statistic for the number of wounded in the September 11 terrorist attacks is unavailable and not included in this total

respectfully submitted,

Gideon MacLeish

Comments (Page 1)
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on Sep 09, 2004
Good Blog Gid - you cant really fight the numbers...

As a side note, I would also like to point out that since 28 sept 2000 to 5 may 2004 there have been 3020 Palestinians killed Link

It all points to a ridiculous amount of death on either side and your assertion that we need to work together is one I stand behind 100% Alas - I think as the educated side of the coin, moral responsibilty rests with us. Some Muslims do use the Qu'ran to their own violents ends, but we must not use the liberty of free speech to incite hatred.

BAM!!!
on Sep 09, 2004
It's a shame there's no breakdown for sects. I remember hearing somewhere that Shi'a Islam and Wahhabism are particularly likely to be terrorist, but less so the Sunni and Southeast Asian non-denominational. If this is true, then perhaps we only need to blame the rough equivalent of Presbyterians rather than the rough equivalent of Christianity. That would narrow the focus considerably.

It's good to see though that over 2001-2003 the numbers dropped radically. The rise in 2004 might be a result of the Iraq War, but it's hard to be certain if that is a result or a cause of increased terrorism.

All in all interesting figures there Gideon.
on Sep 09, 2004
It's a shame there's no breakdown for sects. I remember hearing somewhere that Shi'a Islam and Wahhabism are particularly likely to be terrorist, but less so the Sunni and Southeast Asian non-denominational


Yes, it is a shame. And if those statements are true (and they are consistent with what I have heard as well), then it would be even more indicting of those sects that ARE prone to violence.
on Sep 09, 2004
Good Blog with lots of interesting information.

Couple of issues I have though once you look further into the data.

1) The definition of terrorism used is defined to sub national. Therefore it's quite acceptable for any government to bomb an ethnic minority without it being classified as terrorism. Saddam could kill hundred of thousands of kurds or shia muslims, but if any of them killed a sunni muslim in revenge, it's terrorism. Israel firing rocking in Gaza city and killing children is NOT terrorism but a revenge suicide bomber is. Not quite a fair indication of the state of terror and a major problem with western nations attempts to define terrorism. Combatant troops attacks against non combatants should be regarded as terrorism.

2) Definition of terrorism and international terrorism are clearly defined at the start of the report but then totally blurred in the results. For example, attacks in Israel by palestinians are all treated as international terrorism despite the fact that they should be treated as domestic terrorism by the definition given. This is also the case with many incidents in India, Columbia and the Philippines.

3) There is no separation between attacks against same religion and attacks against alternative religion. This is very important in defining incidents of terrorism and the responsibility for it.

4) There is no separation between attacks as part of separatist movements (normally domestic terrorism) and attacks against idealogical targets (normally international terrorism). This is especially important if the nation and separatists are different religions as it skews the results.

All in all interesting data, but raising many other questions.

Paul.
on Sep 09, 2004
Also, im getting pretty sick of people "comparing" any critisism of Islam to past atrocities committed by Christians, or even the current number of Palestinians suffering under Israeli rule. Israelis arent blowing up American buildings full of office workers, and the Palestinians had nothing to do with 9/11 other than serve as convenient excuse


Thanks for this response, LW. It saves me some trouble on response #4.

While neither is morally justifiable, there is still a world of difference between a military attack, such as that of Israel towards Palestine and suicide bombing a shopping mall. Certainly 3 dozen suicide bombings per year necessitates some kind of response (although I tend to agree Israel's responses are often less than diplomatic and provoke more than they pacify).
on Sep 09, 2004
I will further add that peace cannot begin until ALL sides admit to their wrongdoing.

As to the Time article, LW...I do appreciate the info, as it underscores the fact that it really is a minority of Muslims actively involved in this kind of behavior.
on Sep 09, 2004
Gideon,
I fail to see the relevance of your comment on my reply. If you disagree with any of my comments then please let me know as oppossed to suggesting the quote answered them.

I have no issue with your comments on palestinians. I purely point out that in many of the incidents where terrorism occurs, the terrorists feel they are fighting a war. The figures fail to acknowledge that by failing to count civilian casulties caused by national forces. For example, if Nepalese forces kill 100 villagers and separist Mao rebels kill 25 civilians on a bus, this gets counter as 25 deaths due to left wing terrorists. The 100 deaths are not counted.

The second point I was trying to get across was whether Americans really worry about Domestic terrorism in countries like Columbia, India or The Phillipines? Not really. They care about international terrorism that could be directed at their forces of even them. Your link gives no real indication as to how the level of these incidents has changed, but yet uses these domestic terrorists to increase the % of muslim terrorism.

Paul.
on Sep 09, 2004
"The Muslim world may be suspicious of us, but it is that suspicion that has created a wall behind which the terrorists hide. We need to work together to break down that world. Muslim clerics must own up to the culpability of those who would misuse the Qu'ran to their own violent end."

Well put. I agree completely with the above statement but the Western world is not completely innocent either. We should all own up to our actions.
on Sep 09, 2004
OK, I dug up a little research on human rights violations. I am listing the contents of the page in its entirety, for your examination. The page is available here:Link.

This is an Amnesty International report. I think any objective human rights crusader can accept them as a fairly hard source of stats, correct? I have not left off their inclusion of the USA in certain categories, neither have I left off their inclusion of Islamic regimes. The point of posting this is to show that human rights violations, while they exist in western countries, exist in Islamist regimes as well I will add some commentary in bold:


EXTRAJUDICIAL EXECUTIONS / UNLAWFUL KILLINGS
Extrajudicial executions were carried out in 47 countries:

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Liberia, Rwanda
Asia: India, Malaysia, Nepal, Thailand, Indonesia, Cambodia, North Korea, Philippines
Americas: Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Venezuela, Guatemala, Honduras, Bolivia
Europe and Central Asia: Austria, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Macedonia, Portugal, Russian Federation, Spain, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, Uzbekistan
Middle East and North Africa: Iraq, Iran, Israel/Occupied Territories, Palestinian Authority (notice the USA's absence in this category...yet many Muslim countries are included)


"DISAPPEARANCES"
People were "disappeared" by state agents in 28 countries:

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Liberia, Rwanda
Asia: India, Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Pakistan
Americas: Colombia, Mexico
Europe and Central Asia: Belarus, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Russian Federation, Spain
Middle East and North Africa:Algeria, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, Kuwait, Libya, Saudi Arabia, Syria (again, no mention of the USA)


TORTURE AND ILL-TREATMENT
Victims of torture and ill-treatment by security forces, police and other state authorities were reported in 132 countries:

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Rep. of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mauritania, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Taiwan
Americas: Argentina, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela
Europe and Central Asia: Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco/Western Sahara, Palestinian Authority, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, UAE, Yemen
(This one I will concede, as the report is not recent enough to cover Abu Ghraib; the USA should be included here)


PRISONERS OF CONSCIENCE
Prisoners of conscience were held in 44 countries:

Africa: Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Guinea, Liberia, Rwanda, Togo
Asia: Bhutan, China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Republic of Korea, Nepal, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam
Americas: Cuba, Peru, Mexico
Europe and Central Asia: Armenia, Belarus, Finland, Russian Federation, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco/Western Sahara, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, Yemen
(USA is again absent...again, many Muslim nations are here)

DETENTION WITHOUT CHARGE OR TRIAL
People were arbitrarily arrested and detained without charge or trial in 58 countries:

Africa: Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoir, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zimbabwe
Asia : Afganistan, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, China, India, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Vietnam
Americas: Colombia, Cuba, Jamaica, USA
Europe and Central Asia: United Kingdom
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco/Western Sahara, Palestinian Authority, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen
(if the USA wasn't included on this list, I was going to add it here as well)

DEATH PENALTY
People were sentenced to death in 63 countries:

Africa: Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Rwanda, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia
Asia: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
Americas: Bahamas, Belize, Cuba, Guatemala, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, USA
Europe and Central Asia: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Qatar, Samoa, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Morocco/Western Sahara, Palestinian Authority, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen

People were executed in 28 countries:

Africa: Botawana, Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe
Asia: Bangladesh, Japan, China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia, Pakistan, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam
Americas: Cuba, USA
Europe and Central Asia: Belarus, Egypt, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan
Middle East and North Africa: Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, YemenHUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES BY ARMED OPPOSITION GROUPS
Armed opposition groups committed serious human rights violations, such as deliberate and arbitrary killings of civilians, torture and abductions or hostage taking in 35 countries.

Armed groups have committed violent acts and killings in 34 countries:

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Central Africa Republic, DR Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Liberia, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda
Asia: Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka
Americas: Colombia, Haiti
Europe and Central Asia: Macedonia, Russian Federation, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, Turkey, UK
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Iraq, Israel/Occupied Territories, Morocco/Western Sahara, Saudi Arabia, Palestinian
(again, note USA's absence)

AuthorityArmed groups have committed torture and ill-treatment in 18 countries:

Africa: Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda
Asia: Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Nepal, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka
Americas: No record
Europe and Central Asia: UK
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Iraq
(and again...)

Armed groups have committed hostage takings and abductions in 16 countries:

Africa: Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda.
Asia: Afghanistan, Indonesia, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka
Americas: Colombia, Peru
Europe and Central Asia: No record
Middle East and North Africa: Algeria, Iraq(No USA here either)

While we can't draw a lot of hard conclusions here, we should note that again, many Muslim nations stand out prominently. What I presented in the article was one measurable statistic; it is absurd to suggest as you do that the atrocities of other countries (which in your little world are absent in Muslim countries) balance out the notable prevalence of violence in the Muslim world.Solitair, you are an excellent apologist for Islam. One can only wonder why, if you are convinced they are a completely misunderstood and peaceful faith, you haven't packed your bags and moved to an Islamic nation--they are apparently utopias.

on Sep 09, 2004
The figures fail to acknowledge that by failing to count civilian casulties caused by national forces. For example, if Nepalese forces kill 100 villagers and separist Mao rebels kill 25 civilians on a bus, this gets counter as 25 deaths due to left wing terrorists. The 100 deaths are not counted.


The 56% statistic refers to ACTS of terrorism, not casualty count. I personally am willing to assume for the sake of argument that the state sponsored acts balance out; I believe I could conclusively state that they're no less prevalent in the Islamic countries than they are in the western countries.

The second point I was trying to get across was whether Americans really worry about Domestic terrorism in countries like Columbia, India or The Phillipines? Not really. They care about international terrorism that could be directed at their forces of even them. Your link gives no real indication as to how the level of these incidents has changed, but yet uses these domestic terrorists to increase the % of muslim terrorism.


No, the research is on ALL domestic terrorism, not just that in Islamist countries, and it is a fair statistical analysis, I believe.
In all fairness, I added the AI report above. Although it does not give numbers, it does list the nations from which human rights violations in these categories were recorded.

The fact is, my article is in no way a slam on Muslims. In fact, my conclusion was that these acts are committed by a minority of Muslims. But the fact that the percentages skew SIGNIFICANTLY towards radical Muslims as the perpetrators of violence is a fact we can't easily ignore. It is also a fact that the moderate Muslim clerics need to be addressing heavily.

on Sep 09, 2004
"The Muslim world may be suspicious of us, but it is that suspicion that has created a wall behind which the terrorists hide. We need to work together to break down that world. Muslim clerics must own up to the culpability of those who would misuse the Qu'ran to their own violent end." I am totally with you on this. An extremely interesting and needed article.
on Sep 09, 2004

but the Western world is not completely innocent either. We should all own up to our actions.

Yes, too often we take a holier than thou approach in trying to influence the rest of the world with our virtues.

on Sep 09, 2004
Did anyone else notice that Iraq was included in the lists under each category of Human Rights Violations?
on Sep 09, 2004
I'm trying to re-post Gideon's table in a much more legible format....


Statistics on terrorism























































yearinternational terrorism
(U.S. DOS figures)
int'l. and domestic terrorism
(RAND/MIPT figures)
incidentsfatalitiesinjuriesincidentsfatalitiesinjuries
19681243413232191
19691895515512110
1970300128215105161
1971241351506691
1972528147171191166
197332312019372504
1974429304237229690
1975349258221102556
1976468406325346805
197742824524280299
1978544438242263405
19794416862712901,060
1980499486268156332
19814891643183291,187
1982500129384188637
19835066413175891,045
1984565329326182502
19856358164386881,255
19866125913793461,221
19876656233553581,219
19886056431,1313775931,869
1989375411420367170507
1990437218302121366
1991565102242436175284
199236391636310154751
19934311091,3933204642,806
19943223146633333971,088
19954401776,2912582456,007
19962963142,9112465512,957
1997304221693192266946
19982747415,9531,2652,1498,079
19993952337061,1488222,074
20004264058001,1387762,537
20013553,2952,2831,7324,6433,954
20022057252,0132,6452,7096,708
20032086253,6461,7721,9465,367
20045881,4412,935


on Sep 09, 2004
Yes, too often we take a holier than thou approach in trying to influence the rest of the world with our virtues.


The western world HAS owned up to its terrorist actions. Very few Christian churches, for instance, have stood behind Eric Rudolph, and the Fred Phelps-led protest of Matthew Sheppard's funeral wound up being a huge non-story. If even a sizable faction of Christians felt as he did, there would have been thousands there to protest.

I have not once claimed we are without spot; in fact, in the AI report, I SPECIFICALLY add Abu Ghraib as an incidence of US torture not reported there. But, pointing the finger back at the accuser does not mitigate ones' own guilt.

Think about it: 20% of the world's population, 56% of the world's terror attacks.

Those statistics are pretty hard to neutralize
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